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# ICT Basic
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- [Components of a Computer](components/components.md)
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- [Input and Output Devices](input-output/input-output.md)
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- Storage
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- Machine Language
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- Networking
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- Operating System
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- Troubleshooting
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- [Storage](storage/storage.md)
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- [Machine Language](machine-language/machine-language.md)
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- [Networking](networking/networking.md)
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- [Operating System](operating-systems/operating-systems.md)
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- [Troubleshooting](troubleshooting/troubleshooting.md)
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syllabus/machine-language/machine-language.md
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## Machine Language
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- **Binary**: The basic language of computers, consisting of 0s and 1s.
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# Networking
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### Explain Protocols
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- Rules governing data transfer
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#### Types of Protocols
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- **TCP**: Reliable data transfer
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- **UDP**: Faster but less reliable
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- **MAC Address**: Hardware identification
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- **IP/DNS**: Internet addressing
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- **Network Ports**: Data pathways
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- **Subnetting**: Network segmentation
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- **Firewall Usage**: Security measure
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- **Other Protocols**: HTTP, FTP, SSH, TELNET
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- **OSI Model**: 7-layer model for networking
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- **VPNs**: Virtual Private Networks for secure communication
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syllabus/operating-systems/operating-systems.md
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## Operating System
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- **BIOS**: Basic Input/Output System, the firmware for initializing hardware.
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- **File System**: Manages how files are stored and retrieved.
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- **Kernel**: Core part of OS, manages system resources.
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- **Drivers**: Software to interface with hardware.
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- **Examples of Operating Systems**: Windows, macOS, Linux
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# Storage
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### Units of Storage and Speed
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- Byte, Kilobyte, Megabyte, Gigabyte, Terabyte
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- RPM, Read/Write Speed
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### Types of Storage
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- **Magnetic Storage**: HDD
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- **Optical**: CD, DVD
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- **Solid State**: SSD
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