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Shihaam Abdul Rahman 2023-09-11 17:35:32 +05:00
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# ICT Basic # ICT Basic
- [Components of a Computer](components/components.md) - [Components of a Computer](components/components.md)
- [Input and Output Devices](input-output/input-output.md) - [Input and Output Devices](input-output/input-output.md)
- Storage - [Storage](storage/storage.md)
- Machine Language - [Machine Language](machine-language/machine-language.md)
- Networking - [Networking](networking/networking.md)
- Operating System - [Operating System](operating-systems/operating-systems.md)
- Troubleshooting - [Troubleshooting](troubleshooting/troubleshooting.md)

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## Machine Language
- **Binary**: The basic language of computers, consisting of 0s and 1s.

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# Networking
### Explain Protocols
- Rules governing data transfer
#### Types of Protocols
- **TCP**: Reliable data transfer
- **UDP**: Faster but less reliable
- **MAC Address**: Hardware identification
- **IP/DNS**: Internet addressing
- **Network Ports**: Data pathways
- **Subnetting**: Network segmentation
- **Firewall Usage**: Security measure
- **Other Protocols**: HTTP, FTP, SSH, TELNET
- **OSI Model**: 7-layer model for networking
- **VPNs**: Virtual Private Networks for secure communication

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## Operating System
- **BIOS**: Basic Input/Output System, the firmware for initializing hardware.
- **File System**: Manages how files are stored and retrieved.
- **Kernel**: Core part of OS, manages system resources.
- **Drivers**: Software to interface with hardware.
- **Examples of Operating Systems**: Windows, macOS, Linux

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# Storage
### Units of Storage and Speed
- Byte, Kilobyte, Megabyte, Gigabyte, Terabyte
- RPM, Read/Write Speed
### Types of Storage
- **Magnetic Storage**: HDD
- **Optical**: CD, DVD
- **Solid State**: SSD